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The especially gifted students who practically apply their learning should be recommended by the Minister of Trade to receive the juren degree as a reward. (Current Issues in Memory: Memory Research in the Public Interest) Feng Guifen on the Adoption of Western Learning (1860) An immensely talented scholar, Feng Guifen fled his hometown of Suzhou in the face of the Taiping Army and sought refuge in Shanghai. TEXTS TO KNOW Feng Guifen . Feng was born to a family of wealthy Suzhou landowners in Wuxian in China's Jainsu Province in 1809. [4] After finishing a degree in jinshi, he started working as a compiler at the Hanlin Academy in 1840 and later became the civil service examination supervisor in Guangxi Province. In the books on geography, the mountains, rivers, strategic points, customs, and native products of the hundred countries are fully listed. We should select gifted children younger than fifteen-years-old from the nearby areas and offer them a small living allowance along with room and board. Han Yi (Pseudonym, possibly written by Liu Shipei, 1884-1917) . [6] He also had an established intellectual relationship with Sun Yat-sen.[6], When Feng fled to Shanghai, he came in contact with Westerners who were defending the city. Learning from Britain and Prussia, factories and arsenals were constructed during the 1860s and 1870s. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. He was also a teacher, and a government official, serving as adviser to leading statesmen of his time. Our flexible, affordable, entirely digital readers help you focus your classroom on primary sources. The Self-Strengtheners' Rebuttal, 1867 Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang: On Sending Young Men Abroad to Study Xue Fucheng: On Reform Zhang Zhidong: Exhortation to Learn Feng Guifen was born to a family of wealthy landowners in Suzhou, the wealthy Chinese city near Shanghai, in 1809. "On the Adoption of Western Learning" By Feng Guifen Books on mathematics, mechanics, optics, light, chemistry, and others all contain the ultimate principles of understanding things. Psychology. The question remains open, however, about what features allowed one trajectory or the other to (Local Clusters in Global Value Chains: Linking Actors and Territories Through Manufacturing and Innovation), (Principles and Methods of Transformative Action Research: A Half Century of Living and Doing Collaborative Inquiry). Question: FROM "ON THE ADOPTION OF WESTERN LEARNING," BY FENG GUIFEN 1. Handling For Flammable. I lament the fact that our foreign affairs, the key concern for our government, are dependent upon such people. On the Adoption of Western Learning: Featured in Macworld - one of the best history sites on the web. Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461) Professional . ZENG GUOFAN (1811-1872)A strict Confucian who nonetheless championed progressive fiscal and military reforms in the early 1860s, helping the Qing to suppress the Taiping Rebellion. Feng's proposals to develop the Chinese economy and to manufacture modern weaponry along Western lines. In the books on geography, the mountains, rivers, strategic points, customs, and native products of the hundred countries are fully listed. What does Feng Guifen see as China's weaknesses? "We have only one thing to learn from the barbarians, and that is strong ships and effective guns.". It is also considered one of the earliest reformist agenda of modern China and would contribute to the Hundred Days Reform of 1898. Several of his ancestors were wealthy, but his father lost his fortune through fire. [9] In his essay, On The Manufacture of Foreign Weapons, he was famously quoted as saying: "what we have to learn from the barbarians is only the one thing - solid ships and effective guns", though in reality his proposals were a little more extensive. After three years, all those students who can smoothly read and recite foreign books should be licensed. An immensely talented scholar, Feng Guifen fled his hometown of Suzhou in the face of the Taiping Army and sought refuge in Shanghai. Some Confucian scholars urged studying the "barbarian" technology of the west in order to resist western intervention. Despite the ominous moniker of disinformation, it has multiple theoretical roles in social movements. Changing Human behaviour and Lifestyle. Feng Guifen, 1809-1874 Excerpts from "On the Adoption of Western Learning" [PDF] Yan Fu, 1854-1921 Excerpts from "Learning from the West" [PDF] Liang Qichao, 1873-1929 Excerpts from "Observations on a Trip to America" [PDF] Calls for Radical Social Reform. Feng Guifen: "On the Adoption of Western Learning" (ca. 1000 BCE-588 CE), the medieval (589-959 CE), the Renaissance (960-1900 CE), the modern (1901-1949 CE), and the contemporary (after 1949 CE). Westerners from a variety of countries should be hired to teach their spoken and written languages. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The following document is part of Feng's 40 Essays of Protest, initially written during his time in Shanghai and then circulated among influential scholar-officials of the day. At the time, leading Chinese thinkers were interrogating how to approach the threat posed by encroaching Western states. Directories Newly added. However, there is a separate subgroup of children with learning disabilities. Certainly, there are those who having learned from Westerners can surpass them. FROM "ON THE ADOPTION OF WESTERN LEARNING," BY FENG GUIFEN 1. These unresolved issues are our country's unseen peril. (Rangaku) 1771 Biography: Japanese doctor, wrote "A Guide to Dutch Learning". Arguing for a comprehensive reform of the country along Western lines, he envisioned the selective adoption of Western ideas as a way to supplement . 1860.Today the world is 90,000 li around. Create Biography . Feng Kuei-fen, born Feng Guifen, was a Chinese scholar during the Qing Dynasty. that Feng wrote his well-known Jiaobinlu kangyi ("Protest from the Jiaobin Studio"). The British and French burning of the Old Summer Palace in 1860 as Taiping rebel armies marched north, forced the imperial court to . [3] He was the originator of the philosophy of the Self-Strengthening Movement undertaken in the late 19th century. We identify five relationships between false information and social movements: (1) false information as movement catalyst, (2) disinformation and propaganda as repressive tools, (3) false information Resource mobilisation theory claims that social movements emerge when grievances are connected with resources, but grievances still must be perceived and interpreted (Earl 2009), allowing false information to serve as a catalyst. . , that the adoption of Western arms could be justified on grounds of utility and practicality, as a means of defending China and preserving Chinese civilization. As these calls reached a fever pitch in the 1850s, the Qing court was simultaneously faced with widespread internal rebellions, which required the expenditure of considerable military, political, and fiscal resources. [10][11], The essays, which numbered 40 in total, outlined two measures. V(Py_~Vj*K]p*-?T?m%L4+)~ 0Z6'Jgr\|9|a^l,2 ^RYM 8&'h#nfT&I4 :8|V"sZjUlrF{"7)7+ cd(&R0Y+=S2y* 1850) Yukichi Fukuzawa: Western Civilization as Our Goal (1875) Zongli Yamen: Circular Letter on the Unequal Treaties (1878) Pandita Ramabai: The High-Caste Hindu Woman (1888) Emperor Guangxu: Reform of the Examination System (1898) John Hay: First "Open Door" Note to Andrew D . The tone and basic meaning were transmitted, much of the original significance is lackingand many small inaccuracies have caused big disputes. Feng Guifen on the Adoption of Western Learning (1860) Zeng Guofan on Founding the Shanghai Arsenal (1868) Li Hongzhang's Memorial Advocating Foreign Language Training (March 11, 1863) Woren's Memorial Objecting to Western Learning (1867) CHAPTER 4 -The Deepening Crisis of Imperialism in China (1856-1890) [4] He also finally served as a private secretary to the . % Simply looking for a way to feed and clothe themselves they begin to work for Westerners. Fire Protection. As a young man, Feng excelled at the imperial examinations, . Although he remained therefor less than a year, Feng became familiar with Western political theory and began to contemplate how such theories might be adapted to aid China in suppressing the domestic threats it faced. Their character is rough and shallow, their intentions despicable. Solved FROM "ON THE ADOPTION OF WESTERN LEARNING," BY | Chegg.com. Feng Guifen, Wade-Giles romanization Feng Kuei-fen, (born 1809, Wu county, Jiangsu province, Chinadied May 28, 1874, Suzhou, Jiangsu province), Chinese scholar and official whose ideas were the basis of the Self-Strengthening Movement (186195), in which the Qing dynasty (16441911/12) introduced Western methods and technology in an attempt to renovate Chinese diplomatic, fiscal, educational, and military policy. VUURbiQ=uHK*$aqp|VfgAk5@!a %Db?w B6>$Hm1K)!iR^U\Zd%rxEjLt5t7Cs7Cr!]@!fB Sd$FTA V>@=!Wz9O1C(T S =2MoZU*oW cAFV"I8b Z0>Ii0=6r'k_8I09\w28;{~` 5=Pyko91:R+JeMYcs&D'g//7a7hAo6~X@;Rj{%Y~}=3'W wG!~=C=zp_H2\to5,hi8 A 7aj8HfRy_P,hqfk>*g,M@zm8 Annotated Bibliography for National History Day 2017. One of the main responsibilities of government is education. [2] Like other intellectuals and Qing officials such as Wenxiang, Zeng Guofan, and Zuo Zongtang,[7] Feng argued for self-strengthening and industrialization by borrowing western technology and military systems,[8] while retaining core Neo-Confucian principles. Be the first. Our officials under the rank of Military Commander [duhu] level know nothing about other countries. [3] Later in his life, Feng became the leader of the jingshi school during the Tongzhi Restoration (1862-1874). Feng Guifen (Chinese: ; pinyin: Fng Gufn; WadeGiles: Feng2 Kuei3-fen1; 1809 May 28, 1874,[1] courtesy name Linyi (Chinese: ; pinyin: Lny), art name Jingting (Chinese: ; pinyin: Jngtng), later art name Dengweishanren (Chinese: ; pinyin: Dngwishnrn), jinshi degree 1840) was a scholar during the Qing Dynasty. Feng Guifen was a Chinese Asian Antiquities artist who was born in 1809. "A great many of the foreign . lOht V4K;WY9_ [VO|ld~a?Mg$1q,E=CcPo:3[^U =-/OLXtb8C>q';HquYu\~JaL9qR>@!n*Sa~}dwk7#%{#\TN[(Xy'lLvWwyIor-E:+SFOo"T~D+R|~8aGrUU~ hUM|c\Ij +[e?CP+=L+F:b(ON _BEU9L='GRmH4YI0kuVUZPd^w|_*Ngj. . Feng Guifen: On the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons On the Adoption of Western Learning Principle Versus Practicality? 4 0 obj /{x_/wnA}SD'[zl%jYr=3n]r:T%Q;w=9 U[Tyu nig q'i Arguing for a comprehensive reform of the country along Western lines, he envisioned the selective adoption of Western ideas as a way to supplement traditional Chinese civilization. Academic library - free online college e textbooks - info{at}ebrary.net - 2014 - 2022. %PDF-1.3 By comparison should we not be ashamed? In his work On the Adoption of Western Learning, he suggested adopting western technology while retaining what was uniquely Chinese in their culture. However, most of those village children are misbehaved and not very intelligent (for several decades I have even tried to find smart students from my own villages and found none). Click to reveal Bookstore. These Confucian Pragmatists maintained that the Chinese people were intellectually superior, and that all that was required was to learn, then equal and finally surpass the . FENG Guifen Fng Gufn 1809-1874 Chinese intellectual and official. [1], Feng was born to a family of wealthy Suzhou landowners in Wuxian in China's Jainsu Province in 1809. Corrections? Primary Sources. All they lust for is profit. The remedy is to seek the causes in ourselves. Updates? Feng Guifen was a scholar-official of Qing China responsible for launching the Self-Strengthening Movement. The Self-Strengthening Movement, also known as the Westernisation or Western Affairs Movement (c. 1861 -1895), was a period of radical institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following the military disasters of the Opium Wars.. As a result, we have to rely on dull-witted translators to communicate. Feng Guifen; Chapter 4 Western Methods, Chinese Core Cixi; Chapter 5 New Citizen Liang Qichao; Chapter 6 A Sheet of Loose Sand Sun Yat-sen; Chapter 7 New Youth Chen Duxiu; Chapter 8 Unification Chiang Kai-shek; Chapter 9 Not a Dinner Party Mao Zedong, Part I; Chapter 10 Creative Destruction Mao Zedong, Part II; ~Ck=k$ i{c. heavily colored by the non-European states' adoption of coopera-tive institutions of European international society. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Feng-Guifen. [4] He also finally served as a private secretary to the Viceroy of Liangjiang, Li Hongzhang. history 1090 october 18, 2017 reading feng . (209-212) and "Feng Guifen: on the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons", "On the Adoption of Western Learning", "Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang: On Sending Young Men Abroad to Study", "Xue Fucheng: On Reform", "Zhang Zhidong: Exhortation to Learn" in Sources of Chinese Tradition: [Sources of Chinese Tradition Selections] (235-249) Feng Guifen's work has been offered at auction multiple times, with realized prices ranging from $387 USD to $15,472 USD, depending on the size and medium of the artwork. RONG HONG (1828-1912)More familiar to Western readers as Yung Wing, Rong Hong traveled to the United States in 1847, became a US citizen in 1852, graduated from Yale in 1854, and served as an early emissary between China and the United States. Fen Guifeng "Adoption of Western Learning" Emp. He outlined a plan for maritime defense which included "building ships, making weapons, and learning the superior techniques of the barbarians." In the decades that followed . Transportation Systems. > Water And Hydraulic Services. Evidence of a state's socialization into international society is seen primarily in terms of its adoption of international law, the European diplomatic system, and partici- At Milestone Documents, we believe that engaging with history's original voices is exciting for students and liberating for instructors. x[rX1 $Z_W0?h Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In January 2012, a Twitter account @op_russia that called itself representatives of Anonymous in Russia published a hacked email archive that, allegedly, contained letters by, among others, Vasily Yakemenko and Kristina Potupchik. Assertion that adoption of western technology is not contradictory to traditional Confucian . Fng Kuei-fn (T. , H. , ), 1809-1874, May 28, scholar, was a native of Wu-hsien (Soochow). He fled to Shanghai when the rebels occupied Suzhou. Discusses the five major themes of the Eastward dissemination of Western learning in the late Qing Dynasty, namely knowing the world, seeking to become strong and rich, saving the country, democratic revolution, and enlightenment through science . [9] The second proposed constitutional changes, particularly the reallocation of political power and status. HistoryMaker. Compare Feng Guifen's analysis of the West and the implied actions that China should take with the later analysis of Chu Chengbo's position in "Reforming Men's Minds." Longer Selection From Changing China: Readings in the History of China from the Opium War to the Present, by J. Mason Gentzler (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1977), 70 . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Feng Guifen, "On the Adoption of Western Learning" (ca. Search "On the Adoption of Western Learning" by Feng Guifen (Kuei-fen) HistoryWiz Primary Source. 1857) and Feng Guifen (1809-1874); the last effective Qing dynasty ruler, Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908); a turn-of-the-century thinker and coiner of the phrase "sick man of Asia" for his homeland named Liang Qichao (1873-1929); the founder of Chinas Nationalist Party, Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925); the father of the May Fourth



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