[59], Industrial action at the shipyards gave rise to the "Red Clydeside" epithet. It is often said that the name means "dear green place" or that "dear green place" is a translation from Gaelic Glas Caomh. The Romans later built outposts in the area and, to protect Roman Britannia from the Brittonic speaking (Celtic) Caledonians, constructed the Antonine Wall. [195], Global-ship-management is carried out by maritime and logistics firms in Glasgow, in client companies employing over 100,000 seafarers. [99], In 2005, Glasgow had the lowest life expectancy of any UK city at 72.9 years. The East End Healthy Living Centre (EEHLC) was established in mid-2005 at Crownpoint Road with Lottery Funding and City grants to serve community needs in the area. since 1909. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). WebGlasgow. [24] By the late 18th century more than half of the British tobacco trade was concentrated on the River Clyde, with over 47,000,000lb (21,000t) of tobacco being imported each year at its peak. Pollok Country Park. Updates? The current version (1996) has a gold mural crown between the shield and the crest. During the mid-20th century high-rise redevelopment schemes replaced Glasgows notorious slum tenement areas (particularly the Gorbals). It was home to the headquarters of the North British Locomotive Company. [78] This still ensured Glasgow's coldest month of 2010 remained milder than the isotherm of 3C (27F) normally used to determine continental climate normals. [246], Glasgow is also host to many cricket clubs including Clydesdale Cricket Club who have been title winners for the Scottish Cup many times. The Glasgow Necropolis Garden Cemetery was created by the Merchants House on a hill above the cathedral in 1831. [71], Voter turnout has often been lower in Glasgow than in the rest of the United Kingdom. A popular Indian restaurant in Glasgow has closed after six years. WebAs Scotlands largest city, Glasgow is famed for its culture, shopping and people. Public Consultation", "Full votes and seats by party etc - SPE21", "Election 2015: SNP wins 56 of 59 seats in Scots landslide", "Glasgow North East Labour MP Paul Sweeney: "Yes badges were cool in 2014 now it's Jeremy", "Labour's Paul Sweeney loses Glasgow North East seat to SNP", "Scottish independence referendum Results", "EU referendum: Here is how Glasgow voted", Who won? Join online now Rutherglen and Cambuslang transferred to South Lanarkshire. "The Tenement: A Way of Life" (1979), Worsdall, Frank. On 9 November 2014, Glasgow hosted the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards at The OVO Hydro, it was the second time Scotland hosted the show since 2003 in Edinburgh and overall the fifth time that the United Kingdom has hosted the show since 2011 in Belfast, Northern Ireland. places. (2001) council area, 577,869; urban area, 935,760; (2011) council area, 593,245; urban area, 957,620. Glasgows economy in the 21st century includes traditional heavy engineering, advanced engineering and manufacturing, aerospace technology and development (notably the production of satellites), information and communication technology, software engineering, and renewable energy and low-carbon innovations. Glasgow has its own "Poet Laureate", a post created in 1999 for Edwin Morgan[141] and occupied by Liz Lochhead from 2005[142] until 2011, when she stood down to take up the position of Scots Makar. In 2005, over 17,000 new jobs were created, and 2006 saw private-sector investment in the city reaching 4.2billion, an increase of 22% in a single year. There were active attempts at regeneration of the city, when the Glasgow Corporation published its controversial Bruce Report, which set out a comprehensive series of initiatives aimed at turning round the decline of the city. Surrounding these buildings are a series of innovative housing developments conceived as "Homes for the Future", part of a project during the city's year as UK City of Architecture and Design in 1999.[125]. Glasgow hosted the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the first European Championships in 2018, and was one of the host cities for UEFA Euro 2020. Govan has a legacy as an engineering and shipbuilding centre of international repute and is home to one of two BAE Systems Surface Ships shipyards on the River Clyde and the precision engineering firm, Thales Optronics. WebOver 1500 students take part every year in our long-established Study Abroad and exchange programmes. The home club, Glasgow Tigers, compete in the SGB Championship, the second tier of motorcycle speedway in Britain. [28] In addition to its pre-eminence in shipbuilding, engineering, industrial machinery, bridge building, chemicals, explosives, coal and oil industries it developed as a major centre in textiles, garment-making, carpet manufacturing, leather processing, furniture-making, pottery, food, drink and cigarette making; printing and publishing. The warmest month on record in the data series is July 2006, with an average high of 22.7C (72.9F) and low of 13.7C (56.7F). [69], In the Brexit referendum, results varied from constituency to constituency. The area has supported a growth in art galleries, the origins of which can be found in the late 1980s when it attracted artist-led organisations that could afford the cheap rents required to operate in vacant manufacturing or retail spaces. Book tickets and tours in Glasgow Glasgow nightlife and entertainment Glasgow is a great place for contemporary music, with loads of new bands emerging every year, many of them making the big time, and the citys clubs are excellent, with a range of places for every dance taste as well as a small but thriving gay scene. Much of the city's student population is based in the West End, adding to its cultural vibrancy. The Warriors current home is Scotstoun Stadium and has been since 2012, previously they played at Firhill Stadium. The city centre is bounded by High Street up to Glasgow Cathedral at Castle Street, Glasgow Cross, Saltmarket including Glasgow Green and St Andrew's Square to the east; Clyde Street and Broomielaw (along the River Clyde) to the south; and Charing Cross and Elmbank Street, beyond Blythswood Square to the west. A hidden gem of Glasgow, also designed by Mackintosh, is the Queen's Cross Church, the only church by the renowned artist to be built.[173]. The Baptist Church and Salvation Army are well represented. To the western edge of the city centre, occupying the areas of Blythswood Hill and Anderston, lies Glasgow's financial district, known officially as the International Financial Services District (IFSD), although often irreverently nicknamed by the contemporary press as the "square kilometre" or "Wall Street on Clyde". From the 18th century onwards, the city also grew as one of Britain's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies. Much of the housing stock in north Glasgow is rented social housing, with a high proportion of high-rise tower blocks, managed by the North Glasgow Housing Association trading as NG Homes and Glasgow Housing Association. By Jenness Mitchell, Scotland news reporter Tuesday 17 January 2023 It is also recorded that the King of Strathclyde, Rhydderch Hael, welcomed Saint Kentigern (also known as Saint Mungo), and procured his consecration as bishop about 540. Glasgow's West End grew firstly to and around Blythswood Square and Garnethill, extending then to Woodlands Hill and Great Western Road. While in Glasgow, visit the Valley County Pioneer Museum showcasing fossils, Indian artifacts, railroad, early business, aviation and wildlife collections. The fortunes of the Conservative Party continued to decline into the twenty-first century, winning only one of the 79 councillors on Glasgow City Council in 2012, despite having been the controlling party (as the Progressives) from 1969 to 1972 when Sir Donald Liddle was the last non-Labour Lord Provost. The prosperity of Glasgows shipbuilding and heavy industry was badly shaken after World War I, and its industry has since tended toward greater variety. It is the fifth-most visited city in the United Kingdom. WebGlasgow city centre is one of the best shopping destinations in the UK, outside of London's West End, and when it comes to nightlife, Glasgow knows what it's doing. Winter temperatures are usually higher than in most places of equal latitude away from the UK, due to the warming influence of the Gulf Stream. The city of Glasgow was appointed a UNESCO City of Music on 20 August 2008 as part of the Creative Cities Network. STV Group owns and operates both Scottish ITV franchises (Central Scotland and Grampian), both branded STV. $80. [254], On 9 November 2007, Glasgow was selected to be the host city of the 2014 Commonwealth Games. [18] "The dear green place" remains an affectionate way of referring to the city. Tourism has increased in importance, aided by the Scottish Event Campus (known as Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre when it opened in 1985), which includes the 12,000-seat SSE Hydro entertainment arena (2013), the 3,000-seat SEC Armadillo auditorium (1997), and the SEC Centre, a complex of interconnected exhibition and meeting rooms. Very little of medieval Glasgow remains; the two main landmarks from this period being the 15th-century Provand's Lordship and 13th-century St. Mungo's Cathedral, although the original medieval street plan (along with many of the street names) on the eastern side of the city centre has largely survived intact. Global Radio's Central Scotland radio station Capital Scotland also broadcast from studios in Glasgow. Source 2: KNMI/Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute, Anderson to James Street/West Nile Street to Camlachie, Burghs of Anderston and Calton/Barony of Gorbals, Districts of Keppochhill, Alexandra Parade and the new Glasgow University grounds. WebOver 1500 students take part every year in our long-established Study Abroad and exchange programmes. Information for international students Explore our global connections: Glasgow International Information for EU students and applicants Erasmus Mundus joint master degrees Scholarships and funding [31], The city invested heavily in roads infrastructure, with an extensive system of arterial roads and motorways that bisected the central area. Omissions? [196], The main operational dock within Glasgow operated by Clydeport is the King George V Dock, near Braehead. Although historically a working class area, its borders with the upmarket West End of the city mean that it is relatively wealthy compared to the rest of the north of the city, containing affluent areas such as Maryhill Park and North Kelvinside. Follow this trail to admire these urban artworks which have enlivened walls and corners of the city centre. Glasgow is Scotlands largest city, and it forms an independent council area that lies entirely within the historic county of Lanarkshire . Glasgow's population had surpassed that of Edinburgh by 1821. [113] The area is also home to a number of high end boutique style shops and some of Glasgow's most upmarket stores. Glasgow was then one of the most densely populated cities in the world. Items from the wall, such as altars from Roman forts like Balmuildy, can be found at the Hunterian Museum today. [20] In the early twentieth century, many Lithuanian refugees began to settle in Glasgow and at its height in the 1950s; there were around 10,000 in the Glasgow area. WebGlasgow Botanic Gardens View on map With an ornate glasshouse at its heart, this is one of Scotlands finest gardens, with a history dating back over 200 years. [73], In the 2015 general election, the six Scottish constituencies with the lowest turnout were all in Glasgow;[74] turnout further decreased in the 2017 election, when five of the city's seven seats reported a lowered turnout.[75]. Our guests praise the helpful staff and the overall 4.6/5 Wonderful! Glasgow is known for its tenements; the red and blond sandstone buildings are some of the most recognisable features of the city. Flights With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, the population and economy of Glasgow and the surrounding region expanded rapidly to become one of the world's pre-eminent centres of chemicals, textiles and engineering; most notably in the shipbuilding and marine engineering industry, which produced many innovative and famous vessels. [68], In the Scottish independence referendum, Glasgow voted "Yes" by a margin of 53.5% to 46.5%. On the regional vote, the Glasgow electoral region is represented by four Labour MSPs, two Conservative MSPs and one Green MSP.[64]. WebThe best time to visit Glasgow is between March and August, when temperatures reach their peak and daylight hours are long. $80. In Holyrood, Glasgow is represented by sixteen Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs), of whom nine are elected to represent individual constituencies once every four years using first-past-the-post, and seven are elected as additional regional members, by proportional representation. The Glasgow Cup was a once popular tournament, which was competed for by Rangers, Celtic, Clyde, Partick Thistle and Queen's Park. The Scottish press publishes various newspapers in the city such as The Evening Times , The Herald, The Sunday Herald, the Sunday Mail and the Daily Record. [105], The main shopping areas include Buchanan Street, Buchanan Galleries, linking Buchanan Street and Sauchiehall Street, and the St. Enoch Centre linking Argyle Street and St Enoch Square), with the up-market Princes Square, which specifically features shops such as Ted Baker, Radley and Kurt Geiger. Funding also comes with offer of independent advice on any energy-related issues as the council aims to help during the cost of living crisis. Districts of Balmuildy, Auchinairn, Cardowan, Gartloch, Queenslie, Linn Park, Jenny Lind, Easterhouse. The city centre is home to most of Glasgow's main cultural venues: the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall, Glasgow City Hall, Theatre Royal (performing home of Scottish Opera and Scottish Ballet), the Pavilion Theatre, the King's Theatre, Glasgow Film Theatre, Tron Theatre, Gallery of Modern Art (GoMA), Mitchell Library and Theatre, the Centre for Contemporary Arts, McLellan Galleries and the Lighthouse Museum of Architecture. The modern Gaelic is Glaschu and derived from the same roots as the English. Long dry spells of warm weather are generally quite scarce. Celtic Park (60,411 seats) is located in the east end of Glasgow, and Ibrox Stadium (50,817 seats) on the south side. 06:42, 17 JAN 2023. [112], From the 1980s onwards, the Merchant City has been rejuvenated with luxury city centre flats and warehouse conversions. In 1745, however, Glasgow was almost ruined by the levies imposed by the army of the insurgent Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender, which occupied the city. The city has hosted many exhibitions over the years, including The Glasgow Garden Festival in 1988, being the UK City of Architecture 1999, European Capital of Culture 1990, National City of Sport 19951999 and European Capital of Sport 2003. Glasgow has the most extensive urban rail network in the UK outside London, with rail services travelling to a large part of the West of Scotland. Its early trade was in agriculture, brewing and fishing, with cured salmon and herring being exported to Europe and the Mediterranean. Please select which sections you would like to print: Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. ", "First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries. Two are situated in the West End (Central Gurdwara Singh Sabha in Sandyford and Guru Nanak Sikh Temple in Kelvinbridge) and two in the Southside area of Pollokshields (Guru Granth Sahib Gurdwara and Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Gurdwara). Tenements are commonly bought by a wide range of social types and are favoured for their large rooms, high ceilings and original period features. The junior team, Maryhill F.C. The former docklands site at Pacific Quay on the south bank of the River Clyde, opposite the SECC, is the site of the Glasgow Science Centre and the headquarters of BBC Scotland and STV Group (owner of STV), in a new purpose built digital media campus. The downtown area has several major shopping centres and arcades fully stocked with global brands as well as more local offerings. In addition, unlike the older and larger Edinburgh Festival (where all Edinburgh's main festivals occur in the last three weeks of August), Glasgow's festivals fill the calendar. Industrial decline in Glasgow and the development of the peripheral new towns of East Kilbride and Cumbernauld reduced the inner citys population and congestion. (1,022 reviews) A series of proposals to provide a direct rail link to Glasgow International Airport have ended unsuccessfully, beginning with the Glasgow Airport Rail Link in 2009. Information for international students Explore our global connections: Glasgow International Information for EU students and applicants Erasmus Mundus joint master degrees Scholarships and funding [89], In the 1960s and 1970s, many Asians also settled in Glasgow, mainly in the Pollokshields area. Both kinds of member are known as Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). This involved the mass demolition of the city's infamous slums and their replacement with large suburban housing estates and tower blocks. WebGlasgow Botanic Gardens View on map With an ornate glasshouse at its heart, this is one of Scotlands finest gardens, with a history dating back over 200 years. Various radio stations are also located in Glasgow. In 2003, Glasgow was also given the title of European Capital of Sport. Two airports are dedicated to Glasgow, and Edinburgh International airport, situated on the west side of Edinburgh, is not far from Glasgow. There are private clinics and hospitals at the Nuffield in the west end and Ross Hall in the south side of the city. 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Glasgow is part of the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities. [205] The massive demand at that time outstripped the pace of new building, and many originally fine tenements often became overcrowded and unsanitary. In 2005, the number of Westminster Members of Parliament (MPs) representing Scotland was cut to 59, with new constituencies being formed, while the existing number of MSPs was retained at Holyrood. By 1911, the city was no longer gaining population by migration. Starting in 1668, the city's Tobacco Lords created a deep water port at Port Glasgow about 20mi (32km) down the River Clyde, as the river from the city to that point was then too shallow for seagoing merchant ships. After the 1960s, clearances of poverty-stricken inner city areas like the Gorbals and relocation to "new towns" such as East Kilbride and Cumbernauld led to population decline. This is usually held at Old Anniesland. The Burrell Collection, in Pollok Country Park, includes ancient art and works by European and Asian masters. The city's suburban network is currently divided by the River Clyde and the Crossrail Glasgow initiative has been proposed to link them; it is currently awaiting funding from the Scottish Government. Major hospitals, including those with Accident & Emergency provision, are: the Western Infirmary, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the Dental Hospital in the city Centre, Stobhill Hospital in the North and the Victoria Infirmary and Queen Elizabeth University Hospital in the South Side. "Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and the third largest in the United Kingdom. The first stone bridge over the Clyde was built in 1350. [32] The latter continues to be bolstered by the legacy of the city's Glasgow Garden Festival in 1988, its status as European Capital of Culture in 1990,[33] and concerted attempts to diversify the city's economy. Overlooking Glasgow Green is the faade of Templeton On The Green, featuring vibrant polychromatic brickwork intended to evoke the Doge's Palace in Venice.[126]. Indeed, Glasgow dominated this type of manufacturing, with 25% of all the world's locomotives being built in the area at one stage. GHA was formed in 2002 with the merger of two of Glasgow's leading clubs at the time, Glasgow Southern RFC and Hutchesons Aloysians RFC. "Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and the third largest in the United Kingdom. Since the 2016 Scottish Parliament election, Glasgow is represented at Holyrood by [163], The Sikh community is served by four Gurdwaras. In the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, the boundaries of the Glasgow region were redrawn.[63]. Most lines were electrified under British Rail. [56][57], Although Glasgow Corporation had been a pioneer in the municipal socialist movement from the late-nineteenth century, since the Representation of the People Act 1918, Glasgow increasingly supported left-wing ideas and politics at a national level. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians. [78] Even this extreme event only matched a normal summer on similar parallels in continental Europe, underlining the maritime influences. [255][256], There is an area on Planet Mars which NASA has named Glasgow, after Scotland's largest city. Daniel Defoe visited the city in the early 18th century and famously opined in his book A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain, that Glasgow was "the cleanest and beautifullest, and best built city in Britain, London excepted". Glasgow's city centre is home to flagship stores, impressive shopping centres and designer favourites all within an easily walkable area. [180] 55% of the residents in the Greater Glasgow area commute to the city every day. South Side. Textiles were exported, sugar from the West Indies was processed, and Glasgows fortunes revived until supplies of raw cotton were disrupted during the American Civil War (186165). [20], Following the European Protestant Reformation and with the encouragement of the Convention of Royal Burghs, the 14 incorporated trade crafts federated as the Trades House in 1605 to match the power and influence in the town council of the earlier Merchants' Guilds who established their Merchants House in the same year. [101] In 2008, a World Health Organization report about health inequalities, revealing that male life expectancy varied from 54 years in Calton to 82 years in nearby Lenzie, East Dunbartonshire.[102][103]. After the Acts of Union in 1707, Scotland gained further access to the vast markets of the new British Empire, and Glasgow became prominent as a hub of international trade to and from the Americas, especially in sugar, tobacco, cotton, and manufactured goods. Temperature extremes have ranged from 19.9C (4F), at Abbotsinch in December 1995 to[79] The area is popular with tourists and students. Glasgow is also home to six women's football teams. Glasgows rich array of cultural institutions also includes the National Theatre of Scotland, the Citizens Theatre, the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, Scotland Street School Museum, and St. Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art. Generally the weather pattern is quite unsettled and erratic during these months, with only occasional heatwaves. The area was the site of the Athletes' Village for the 2014 Commonwealth Games, located adjacent to the new indoor sports arena. Outdoor Education facilities are provided by the city council at the Blairvadach Centre, near Helensburgh. There are over 1,800 listed buildings in the city, of architectural and historical importance, and 23 Conservation Areas extending over 1,471 hectares (3,630 acres). Previously based in Renfrewshire's Braehead Arena and the 1,200-seat Kelvin Hall, the team has been based at the Emirates Arena since the 2012/13 season. During the summer months (June to August) the weather can vary considerably from day to day, ranging from relatively cool and wet to quite warm with the odd sunny day. WebFrom independent stores to high street retailers, Glasgow is the best shopping city. The Glasgow area is full of scenic rolling plains and open farmland. It is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands. [3], Glasgow's population influx in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was related to economic expansion as well as internally generated growth with the vast majority of newcomers to the city from outside Scotland being from Ireland, especially the north western counties of Donegal, Fermanagh, Tyrone and Londonderry. [60], Glasgow is represented in both the House of Commons in London, and the Scottish Parliament in Holyrood, Edinburgh. Expanding from the medieval bishopric and royal burgh, and the later establishment of the University of Glasgow in the 15th century, it became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the 18th century. The most extreme instances have however seen temperatures around 12C (10F) in the area. [154] In 2004, STV Group plc (then known as SMG plc) sold its 27.8% stake in Scottish Radio Holdings to the broadcasting group EMAP for 90.5million. 32% of the population follow the Protestant Church of Scotland whilst 29% following the Roman Catholic Church, according to the 2001 census (Christians overall form 65%). [238], Glasgow was also home to one of the oldest rugby clubs in Scotland, West of Scotland F.C., which was formed in 1865, and was a founding member of the Scottish Rugby Union. Glasgow Caledonian University, founded in 1875, gained university status in 1993. [46], The engineer for the project was John Frederick Bateman, while James Morris Gale became the resident engineer for the city section of the project, and subsequently became Engineer in Chief for Glasgow Water Commissioners. In 2011, 5,878 residents of the city over age 3 spoke Gaelic, amounting to 1.0% of the population. 1,039. The city has a strong community radio sector, including Celtic Music Radio, Subcity Radio, Radio Magnetic, Sunny Govan Radio, AWAZ FM and Insight Radio. Funding also comes with offer of independent advice on any energy-related issues as the council aims to help during the cost of living crisis. The city had recovered by the outbreak of World War II. WebApex City of Glasgow Hotel. In addition to the suburban rail network, SPT operates the Glasgow Subway. Glasgow, Gaelic Glaschu, city, west-central Scotland. [201] These were the most popular form of housing in 19th- and 20th-century Glasgow, and remain the most common form of dwelling in Glasgow today. WebGlasgow City Centre Walking Tour 327 Walking Tours from $16.78 per adult Scottish Whisky Distillery Tour 9 Full-day Tours from $182.73 per adult Isle of Skye, The Highlands and Loch Ness - 3 Day Tour from Glasgow 34 Bus Tours from $216.08 per adult Guided Celtic Park Stadium Tour 907 Sporting Events from $21.13 per adult Cultural Tours See all [184] Glasgow is now the second most popular foreign tourist destination in Scotland (fifth in the UK)[185] and offers Scotland's largest retail centre. This form of coronet, resembling an embattled city wall, was allowed to the four area councils with city status. Glasgow prospered as a market centre because it was well situated between Highland and Lowland Scotland and also between Edinburghthe capital, 45 miles (72 km) eastand the west. Blond sandstone buildings are some of the Athletes ' Village for the 2014 Commonwealth.. Event only matched a normal summer on similar parallels in continental Europe, underlining the maritime.... 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Slum tenement areas ( particularly the Gorbals ) city are referred to as Glaswegians and Salvation Army well! The historic county of Lanarkshire and herring being exported to Europe and the crest gaining by! From the wall, such as altars from Roman forts like Balmuildy, can be found at the shipyards rise! Shopping city, in client companies employing over 100,000 seafarers glasgow montana hospital, near Helensburgh turnout has been. The North British Locomotive Company within Glasgow operated by Clydeport is the largest city, and it forms independent... Current version ( 1996 ) has a gold mural crown between the shield and the development the. The area particularly the Gorbals ) built in 1350 online now Rutherglen and Cambuslang transferred South!
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